Geophysical Science

Final Exam Study Guide

 


Vocabulary – All Year

 

 


Chapter 8 Solids, Liquids, Gases

 

            States of matter

            Thermal Expansion

            Changes in State

                        Evaporation / Boiling

                        Melting / Freezing

                        Condensation / Sublimation

            Gas Pressure

                        P=F/A

                        Boyle’s Law

                        Charles’ Law

            Fluids

                        Archimedes Principle

                        Pascal’s Principle

                        Bernoulli’s Principle

 

Chapter 9  Classification of Matter

 

            Elements / Compounds

            Pure Substances / Mixtures

                        Homogeneous                         

                        Heterogeneous

            Solutions / Suspensions / Colloids

            Physical / Chemical Properties

            Law of Conservation of Mass

                       

Chapter 10  Atomic Structure & Periodic Table

 

            Chemical Symbols (36)

            Energy Levels / Diagrams

            Protons / Neutrons / Electrons Quarks

            Isotopes

            Periodic Table: Groups / Periods

           

Chapter 11  Chemical Bonds

           

            Compounds

            Formulas

            Chemically Stable Atoms

            Ionic / Covalent Bonds

            Oxidation Numbers

            Polyatomic Ions

 

Chapter 16  Chemical Reactions

           

            Reactants / Products

            Writing Equations

            Balancing Equations

            Types of Reactions

                        Synthesis

                        Decomposition

                        Single Displacement

                        Double Displacement

                        Exothermic / Endothermic

 

Chapter 17  Acids, Bases & Salts

 

            Hydrogen / Hydronium Ions

            Hydroxide Ions

            Indicators

            pH scale

            Strong / Weak Acids

                        Properties

            Strong  / Weak Bases

                        Properties

            Neutralization Reactions

            Titrations

            Acid Rain

            Salts

            Soaps / Detergents

 

Chapter 18  Waves and Sound

 

            Waves

                        Compressional / Transverse

                        v = λ f

            Sound

                        Wave / Speed

                        Ear Parts         

 

Chapter 19  Light

 

            Electromagnetic Spectrum

                        Major Sections / Uses

                        Frequency vs. Wavelength

            Speed of Light

            Light and Color

                        Primary Colors

                        Primary Pigments

                        Rods and Cones

                        Color Blindness

            Reflection / Refraction / Diffraction

                        Law of Reflection

 

Chapter 20  Mirrors and Lenses

           

            Mirrors / Lenses

            Concave / Convex

            Real / Virtual Images

            Focal Point / Length

            Eye

                        Major Parts

                        Nearsightedness

                                    Correcting

                        Farsightedness

                                    Correcting

            Optical Instruments

                        Telescopes

                                    Refracting

                                    Reflecting

                                    Hubble

                        Microscopes

                        Cameras

            Polarized Light

            Lasers

            Optical Fibers

                       

Laboratory Exercises

            Electron Diagrams

            Chemical Reactions

            Titrations

            String Telephones

            Wave Diagramming

            Mirror Images